Introduction to macroeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Introduction to macroeconomics - Essay ExampleHowever, during recessions, when unemployment vagabond rises, the call for will still be met by the sum up, although the train level will be lower. This is why in the goods market prices and quantity will settle at the equilibrium but high unemployment drive out still be present in the economy. This has been termed as the Keynesian unemployment.As what has been described earlier, in ascertain output to meet the demands, there atomic number 18 two viewsthe Keynesian and the classical view. The classical view argues that prices and hire be flexible, in such a way that excesses in either demand or supply will quickly be absorbed by the economy and resume full employment of resources afterwards economic shocksor abrupt changes in the aggregate demand and supply curves. The Keynesian view on the other hand argues, as apparent in its sticky theory of prices and wages which says that these two factors are sticky in the short run becaus e of contractual rigidities such as agreements made with different bear on groups such as the labor unions. In the latter situation, the one proposed by Keynes, higher levels of aggregate demands are needed for output to respond positively because aggregate supply curve is relatively flat specially when output levels are low. In this situation, the economy can have long periods of unemployment because prices and wages are behind to adjust to shocks, and reaching full employment of resources is slow to reach.When classical economists argue that unemployment results from the interaction of the labor demand and supply curves, and lowering the wages will spread the labor supply which can curb unemployment in the process, Keynes argue that such is not applicable when unemployment is due to business cycle downturns, when because of lower demands of products in the economy, demand for labor is also low.The lower demand for goods results into lower demands for

Critical Self-Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critical Self-Analysis Paper - Essay ExampleI feed been competent to be more careful ab stunned the equation between the tot of calories I consume and the amount I spend (Hoeger and Hoeger 2012).I began this workout program in the recent past but I intend to continue to be a part of it in the future. I have already change magnitude the number of times I visit the fitness center from three to five. Given the health indicate of my family, I believe that it is necessary for me to be a part of a strict regimen for fitness. My suffer does not smoke and his consumption of alcohol is limited yet he suffers from high levels of blood scratch and cholesterol. My mother too suffers from high blood pressure.My workouts, as I mentioned, left me tired for a picayune duration, thereafter raising my energy levels. I found that this left my body in the perfect reconcile for sleep as well. While my sleep used to be fitful earlier, I now have a good nights sleep every day. The program has also streamlined my animal(prenominal) activity in such a way that I do not work out anytime near my sleep schedule. Maintaining the schedule of my natural body clock is something that this program has enabled me to do. It has at the same time, percolated agglomerate to my awareness of the necessity of sleep, something that work and stress often obfuscate (Hoeger and Hoeger 2012). My earlier lifestyle was more stress-filled jumper lead to my inability to provide my body and mind with enough rest. This workout program has been very helpful in this regard.My forage before joining the workout program was not an unhealthy program. My family eats a diet comprising vegetables and adequate protein. Joining the program has thus, enabled the addition of exercise to a good balanced diet, thereby completing the two most important requisites of a healthy lifestyle. I have, however, reduced the intake of fats in my diet, close it to the consumption of healthy fats. The workout keeps me thirsty , enabling the consistent hydration of my body.As a result of all these changes, my

Supply Chain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Supply Chain - audition Examplethat determines the efficiency of the overall business to a great extent and its effectiveness reflects and ensures the effectiveness of opposite front end business processes. For example, when an efficient release range of mountains enables the timely and cost effective procural of the services, the possibility of providing goods or services to the customers increases many folds. The die agency business is no exception in this regards. This paper intends to explore the supply chain under brick and mortar system and compare the changes that has been brought due to the interventions of engineering on the supply chain.Before moving further few terms need to be explained. Brick and mortar means manual way of workings. Click and mortar means combination of manual and automated working whereas, click only means totally automated working.The business of pass away agency in of age(p) times, when the brick and mortar system was in operations, was mainly manual and the service they utilize to provide was to arrange for the flights, schedule of the hotels and to arrange any other service required by the customers during the travelling. Let us explore the supply chain for the travel agency under brick and mortar system.Under manual system, the participants of the supply chain were, the travel agent, the hotel administration, the airline ticking staff and other salesman for relevant services, for example, if the customer is being provided with the automobile rentals, then the car rental vendor will also be the participant of the supply chain.The process of supply chain was very simple yet bearing a lot of demerits. The process was like, the travel agent used to have the agreements with different vendors and on receiving orders, they used to go to those vendors, book their service and get the tickets/ receipts etcetera Though it was very simple supply chain, yet it bore many discrepancies, for example, suppose that a travel agent b ooks the ticket for a particular destination for his journey but

North American Free Trade Agreement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

North American Free Trade Agreement - Essay eccentricBecause of this, the products available in the market, particularly evented goods, would be offered at a comparatively lower price. In this regard, the consumers benefit since they can buy more goods at a cheaper price.Second, the NAFTA provisions include the elimination of import quotas, especially on products such as motor vehicles, automotive parts, computers and textiles (Wikipedia, n.d.). This results in the selling of more products in the market, thus, intensifying the competition among suppliers. As expected, competition brings about more efficient market conditions. Producers compete non only in terms of pricing but also in the quality of goods. Similarly, consumers gain from this as they could have a wider range of high-quality products to choose from.Lastly, the NAFTA enabled manufacturers in all three countries to maximize their full potential drop by operating in a bigger and more efficient North American economy. T his translates to higher(prenominal) profits for competitive companies and allows for reinvestment of earnings. The net effect of this is that more jobs would be generated for the labor force. This, in a way, refutes sway asserted by many American labor unions that the NAFTA takes way jobs from American workers as manufacturers opt for the drill of cheaper labor available in Mexico.

Micro Economics Master Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Micro Economics Master - Essay ExampleShort term eject down of a business concentrates on cutting the opportunity tolls or variable be.As coarse as the wet produces something, it will maximize its utilitys by producing on the marginal cost curve. The firm will have to shut down if it cannot cover its variable cost. As unflinching costs be anyway going to be incurred, they atomic number 18 not opportunity costs in the of a sudden run -- so they are not relevant to the decision to shut down. Even if the company shuts down, it moldiness pay the fixed costs. But the variable costs are avoidable -- they are opportunity costs So the firm will shut down if it cannot meet the variable (short run opportunity) costs. But as long as it can pay the variable costs and still have something to apply toward the fixed costs, it is better off continuing to produce.When the firms honest total cost curve lies above its marginal revenue enhancement curve at the profit maximizing direct of ou tput, the firm is experiencing losses and will have to dish out whether to shut down its operations. The decisions taken by a firm in such situations is termed as short-run shut down decisions. Short run equilibrium of a firm can be derived establish on the total revenue and total cost and marginal revenue and marginal cost. As firms are price-takers, each firm in an industry tries to maximize its profit by adjusting the output to a level where Marginal Cost (MC) =Marginal Revenue (MR). Profit is the difference between the total revenue obtained from gross sales and the total cost incurred by the firm. The long run is defined as a period long enough to bring about the cost of altogether inputs variable. This includes, in particular, capital, plant, equipment, and other investments that represent long-term commitments.In the semipermanent the decisions taken would be only exit decisions. Exit decisions are decisions taken by a firm to leave the market. They are not called as Sh ut-down decisions. Shut-down is only in the short-run. Long run equilibrium plays a crucial role in deciding the existence of the firm. In the long run there are enough time periods for the firm to cover its losses and earn normal profits. This is because in the long run, all inputs are variable and the firm can have the most profitable level of output i.e. the profit maximization level of output. If firms are perfectly competitive, industry is making short term surplus (profits), more than firms will enter the industry. In the long run this will increase the market supply of the fruit and reduces the market price as well as the profits until all firms in the industry make a normal profit (break even )In the long run equilibrium, the business will be operational at the minimum point on both long - run and short - run average cost curves obtaining full economy of scale. A Walrasian or competitive equilibrium consists of a vector of prices and an allocation such that given the pric es, each trader by

Free Will Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Free Will - Essay ExampleHe argues that though indeterminism and voluntary are incompatible, hu soldiery beings self-forming or libertarian actions are essentially the result of free go forth. Therefore, they are virtuously responsible for their actions. Unlike Kane, Derek Pereboom argues that both determinism and libertarianism are incompatible with freewill. Indeed, he remains agnostic about the rectitude of determinism. But he argues that whether determinism is true or not, freewill is incompatible with it. So, human being should learn to lie with without freewill. Yet the incompatibility of freewill with determinism does not imply that man is free from moral responsibility. Since, according to him, an agentive roles action is either the result of causal determinism (self-forming action) or the manipulation of some external advocate, in both cases, the agent will remain responsible for his action. It is because though freewill does not exist, mans action (even though the agent is tricked, by some external power to perform that action) will await to be caused by his freewill.In fact, Kane has an impulsive tendency to argue against compatibilism on the ground that man will never be able to learn whether his will is determined by some other power or not. Therefore, the question about the compatibility of Freewill and determinism is absurd. Referring to Fraziers perception of Skinners Walden Two, he says that the deeper freedom of the will is an illusion in the first place. We do not have it anyway (Kane 427). This instruction has two meanings simultaneously first, it can be assumed that he attempts to says that man does not freewill, since it is an illusion. Secondly, it can be assumed that since the concept of freewill is an illusion, man is free to act according to what he calls his will. Kane calls this freedom of man to act on his own at some particular moment as libertarianism. Indeed, he believes in the agents mundane power

An Organizational Dilemma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

An Organizational Dilemma - Essay ExampleThis essay seeks to analyze a lively way of handling ethical nationals in any organization by using an example from popular Motors. The methodology used herein is derived by Trevino and Nelson (2011). tints of Handling Ethical Issues Now that ethical issues provide always appear in a business organization, it is only obvious that every manager has the tariff of handling the issues sensibly. This means they should be handled in a manner that compromises little but at the alike time achieves a great deal for the business. In that light, the eight step model developed by Trevino and Nelson (2011) seeks to ease the task of managers in ensuring that all the key players, who atomic number 18 the clients, employees, shareholders and the community in which the business operates, are all at a satisfactory level. Step One Gather the Facts According to Trevino and Nelson, this is quite a critical yet unpredictable part of addressing the ethical i ssue (2011). At this level, the management is required to percolate the points of view of the customers, employees, shareholders and the community. ... Step Two Define the Ethical Issues This is an analysis of the results obtained in step one. The management interprets the center of the facts gathered in relation to the organization. This identifies the genuine issues from the bluffs. For instance, a GM customer who claims that there is no customer help centre in South Africa is considered to be bluffing since there are a number of them. Step Three Identify the Affected Parties The opinion or complaint of one party could be a whole network that affects more than just that one party. This step enlists all the parties affected by a single issue. For instance, GM was considered to be a key pollutant in 1978 by producing 80 different virulent fumes. This not only affects the community around it but also the employees working in the factory. Step quatern Identify the Consequences The se could be considered as either farseeing-term or short-term effects of the particular issue highlighted by the preceding steps (Trevino and Nelson, 2011). This means that some effects are felt for a long period of time while others are only felt for a short time. These effects keister also be viewed from the perspective of how much damage they parkway to the stakeholders. For example, the GM pollution of 1978 was said to cause adverse respiratory complications for the society around it, including school children. With this, the management is charged with the responsibility of providing actions that can purpose the situation both in the long term and short term. Step Five Identify province for each Action Contemplated This means that the management is required to know if any of the actions contemplated in step tetrad is implemented and the implications thereof to

Corporate Environmental Reporting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

corporate Environmental Reporting - act ExampleThe stakeholders have been under utter confusion with regard to the information contained in the reports. Naturally, an expectation offer exists between the users (stakeholders) and preparers of environmental reports. At this juncture, a subject is relevant as to examine whether there is every such expectation gap is present or not. The present study, therefore, attempts to examine the difference in the light of preparers and users of environmental reports in the U.K. The study is carried out as an exploratory research by suing sample survey. An abundant preliminary research has been undertaken so as to acquire a basic knowledge of the unexplored area. The study heavily relies on primary data and data are collected directly from the respondents using dickens sets of well structured questionnaire. An interview schedule is also prepared to collect data. The population for the study comprises of dickens sets of professionals, namely chartered accountants and chief accounting officials of 200 manufacturing firms in the U.K. Naturally, the sample size of the survey comes to four hundred put together. The data collected are edited, coded and analyzed to arrive at meaningful conclusions and generalizations.Because of the increased tension on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) the world over, corporations are obliged to present the information to the highest degree the fulfillment of their duties towards various stakeholders including society... Corporations across the globe have accepted CSR as an effective tool for sustainable development and high financial performance. To communicate and share the information about what the corporations have done in respect of CSR is made possible through what is popularly known as Environmental Reporting (ER). In a broad sense, environmental reporting is known by various nomenclatures such as Corporate Social Reporting, Triple Bottom Line Reporting etc. The World Business Council for Sustainable evolution (WBCSD) defines Environmental Reporting as public reports by companies to provide internal and external stakeholders with a interpret of the corporate position and activities on economic, environmental and social dimensions. It is taken as a means to publically demonstrate organizations commitment to environmental obligations and to disseminate information on their environmental performance and initiatives. In intimately of the countries, environmental reporting has not been made mandatory, but corporations take it as obligation on their per centum to fulfill the information needs of the various stakeholders by preparing various reports in an appropriate manner. In the demonstrable countries like the U.K and the U.S., it is being widely established and applied by big as well as small organizations. As per the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines, following are the principles of environmental reporting. - Transparency- true statement- Clarity- Inclusiveness and completeness- Verifiability and auditability- Timeliness- Relevance to the concerns of stakeholders- Comparability (to facilitate comparison over time and between organizations) and, - neutralitySince the emergence

Apartheid Impact on African Women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Apartheid repair on African Women - Essay ExampleLife was so hard but challenging during those quantify that several documentaries and writings ab come out of the closet the time have been made. Such would be the film South Africa Belongs to us which focuses on the plight of five women mainly on a wife left in the homelands, a nurse at a family planning clinic, a hospital cleaner who lives in a single-sex hotel, a leader of a squatters camp and a domestic servant.The black servant in a accommodate owned by whites cannot spend quality time with her children. Thus, separation did not just happen among nation with different skin colors but among the members of their race, specifically with their own bloodlines. The same with opposite female migrator workers who were sort of imprisoned in their workplace as they were not allowed to visittheir families. Through apartheid, women during that episode undergo misery while they were away with their loved ones, while some stood as single mothers because of the classification. One of the do of apartheid then was the destruction of the black family and the existence of displaced families. There is this one woman who lives in one of the nonproductive homelands with her more than a dozen children, because she was not allowed to be with her husband who was forced to live in Johannesburg for twenty years.Despite all these, the film depicts of womens battle cry to defy racism. Winnie Mandela, the former wife of Nelson Mandela and one of the women leadership who were interviewed in the movie, symbolizes women power. Among those who also bravely talked in front of the camera were Numisi Kjuzwayo, a young leader of the verboten Black Consciousness Movement which was against apartheid and Fatimah Meer, an activist. All of these women never stopped opposing the apartheid system no affaire what risked their life. A lot of what has through then contributes to what South Africa is at present, that it really belongs to its pe ople.Another film, Girls Apart done in the year 1987, shows an interview with two sixteen year old girls, Sylvia who is from Soweto, a town of blackmen, the other is Siska, a rich white girl Johannesburg. Each told the story of their lives in South 3Africa during the apartheid period, display how their worlds were apart and that their lives were led according to their skin color. In the film, a picture of apartheid was demonstrated through the contrasts in the lives of the girls.Another documented story about the happenings in South Africa during the apartheid period is illustrated in the book non Either An Experimented Doll, The Separate Worlds of Three South African Women. The story is told through the exchange of letters among an Englishwoman named Mabel Palmer and a disturbed teenage girl Lily Moya, who wrote the book herself which was then edited by Shula Marks. Lily, an orphan, looks to Mabel as a mother she never had, pleading to let her go to school in her college. Mabel, on the other hand, gave in to her wish. In fact, she has contributed a lot to the education of South African women. There was this one time when she went out into the winter cold without a jacket just to pay Lilys matriculation. Here in this book, it seeks to show that during the apartheid period, at that place were still white people who had good hearts to blacks, although Mabel Palmer had a little limitation in her kinship with Lily for fear of the dictations of racial discrimination rules. The third

Contemporary HR and Management Practices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Contemporary HR and concern Practices - Essay ExampleTherefore, it is the firms drawforce that provides the competitive advantage for companies, using its knowledge, commitment, skills and training.This is where the Human Resource Managements inevitable fibre comes to play. It devises policies that non only aim to improve organizational fulfillance fostering innovation and flexibility, but alike(p)wise to improve employee well being. The human resource solicitude uses mechanisms to build rubicund two-way communication provides healthy compensation, fair treatment and employee securities and c areer development and growth opportunities for all employees. Such HR activities deal with areas like employee morale, motivation, and performance and workforce recruitment, retention, and turnover, which in turn increases various aspects of employee well being.As mentioned in the beginning, the changing scenario of on the job(p) conditions and increasing competition due to globalizati on and rising awareness in customers, firms have to take decisions that not always end up in the best interest of the employees. Despite the capable policies of human resources and management in favor of the employees, contemporary HR and management practices do not succeed in concussion the promises of assuring well-being of the employees. Instead, the de-layering, restructuring and downsizing efforts of the HR and management of the firms are leading to work intensification. Work intensification is the accomplishment to which employees are being forced to work faster and harder than they have been before. Where these decisions and policies cut financial and operational cost substantially, these are having inevitable impact on work intensification. In order to save their jobs and work up to the expectations of the management, employees have to perform more than they ever did before. The workforce has to get multi skilled in order to perform multiple tasks and give improved product ivity. Not just to save jobs and survive in the organization, the workforce has to declare with the work intensification because of the performance related pay systems. The HR and management practices the productivity related compensation, which is originally intend to improve motivation and satisfaction amongst employees. Although such practices alongside add to the intensity of work and tasks and adversely expunge the employee well being. A report specially made by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation, Job Insecurity and Work Intensification, says that work uncertainty amongst professional workers has become more severe in the 1990s. More than 60 percent of employees aver that the speed of work and the effort they have to put into their jobs has amplified over the past five years. Fright of joblessness is not the only facet of work uncertainty. Although many workers are not unjustifiably anxious about losing their jobs, they are particularly concerned about the loss of esteemed job f eatures, such as their rank and anticipation for promotion.The report concludes that the core reason of work uncertainty and work intensification happens to be the decreased recruitment levels pursue by

Cultural Norm Assignment cultural anthropology using book by carol r Essay

Cultural Norm Assignment cultural anthropology using book by carol r. ember Melvin Ember - Essay ExampleThe definition of culture that relies on social groups means that it is a proportional concept that varies from one cultural group to another (28). One of the major characteristics of culture is its sex appeal that poop be considered from two perspectives, cross sectional dynamism and dynamism. Cultural dynamism refers to transition in cultural constructs within a cultural group over a period, or across cultural groups. desirableness within a group may for example be realized across generations while dynamism across groups identifies fundamental differences in values and practices among cultures. The dynamic feature of culture is important to anthropologists interest of dread and explaining how the changes occur and driving particularors behind the changes (Ember and Ember, 6).Other important characteristics of culture include mode of learning that is social, the fact that it is shared among members of a community and its associated symbols. Anthropologists therefore need to understand what culture is and how it works so that they wad identify and develop meanings from the different characteristics of culture. This is particularly important with indigenous cultures whose fundamentals can be traced over time, and compared with other cultures (Anthro 1).The observed cultural norms in a nursing set up were scientific stamp on causes of illness and honest expressions in communications. These two are considered norms because they are common practices that have been historically observed and considered cultural. They facilitate service delivery in the health care set up that requires cooperation amongst care personnel and long-sufferings. Cultural belief on causes of diseases is for example instrumental on a patients willingness to seek treatment and the scientific norm of causes of diseases facilitates scientific approaches towards provision of health

Nursing Informatics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Nursing Informatics - Coursework practice sessionNurses must integrate the nursing informatics into their professional lives to enable them develop their nursing systems for specific require such as in the psychiatry de spellment.Restructuring of job descriptions helps the wellness workers suffice their roles with great competence cod to their specialization and advanced skills in their department. For instance, there are nurses involved with health education, mental health counseling, and business concern health among others. The long interest support and services training facilitate knowledge to hasten for certain that the patient receives high- note service and promote the independence of individuals who are beneficiaries of the service. A performance estimate for health care nurses is very important as rewarding them boosts their morale to provide high-quality services (Careeronestop.org, 2015). The nurse performance appraisal tools assist in determining the key areas of responsibility in which each nurse can perform perfectly. The techniques involve getting the information and rating each nurse with respect to the dedication and contribution to the organization, which helps to make judgments when promoting. The nursing such as the dressing code policy, confidentiality, and commitment policies are important in ensuring quality services for the patients. Some other professional guidelines are keeping short nails, avoiding the use of strong fragrances, and sometimes-personal kiosk phones are not around during the care for the patients.Electronic health records and use of computers is important for all health professionals, especially the nurses. Micron technology (MU) enables the use of charts to pass information such as patient favorite(a) pharmacy prescriptions, which can be sent to the pharmacy after the patient is discharged. The other important part of the Mu that facilitates quality health services is the

Write asummary for the Specific topic i mentioned about Robert Putnam Essay

Write asummary for the Specific topic i mentioned about Robert Putnam and David Campbell, American Grace, (selections - Essay sheathAccording to Putnam and Campbell, affiliation to a religious group does not necessarily depend on the holiness of ones parents (Putnam, and Campbell 134). Although a percentage of children adhere to the religion of parents as they grow and remain adherents regular in their adulthood, the trends of the rest of the percentage are more complex than most Americans can imagine. A true percentage of children are likely to commute the religious affiliation inherited from their parents to a different one. This switch may persist over a long period for some children while others find themselves leaving back to the original faith from their parents after some time. The research carried out revealed that 10 percent of Americans had swayed to a different religious group before getting back to the original religion (137). Moreover, an approximate of 20 % adhere d to a different religious denomination from that of their parents.The fact that religion in the American context exhibits a level of instability becomes very clear. The authors examine the trends deciphered from a research in 2006 to 2007 that exhibit the level of instability of religion. Religion in the American society is a complex issue that needs captious analysis. For example, the number of people lacking any religious affiliation did not change in the devil years. However, closer analysis revealed that 30 % of these people without any affiliation in 2007 had one in 2006 only if had discarded it. The fact that the total number of people with no affiliation did not change indicates that an special percentage of people affiliated themselves with a religious group. Such data only serves to highlight that galore(postnominal) of the people are at the threshold of having and lacking a religious affiliation. The authors of the book describe these individuals as liminals. In the American society, they account for 10 percent of the

The Elements of Classical and Alternative Cinema in The Big Sleep Essay

The Elements of Classical and Alternative Cinema in The striking Sleep - Essay ExampleThe difference between art picture show and virtuous cinema is distinctly delineated. Art cinema is the most acknowledged area within film studies due to the recognition it receives from far-famed filmmakers, specific films or cinema types, as well as from select writers and the target audience. Art cinema is commonly located within the auteur category of films, with examples including LAvventura (1960). In contradistinction to art cinema, David Bordwell and other filmmakers coined the term classical cinema. Their focus tends to be on the metteurs-en-scene category of art or film. As much(prenominal), classical cinema has been broadly disseminated because of the dominance of these film types, and most filmmakers choose to make films in this style. Art cinema is presented in slender film theatres, compared to classical cinema, which is conducted in large multiplexes. Art cinema screen new fil ms with repertory functions, pull their audiences from a highly educated urban demographic. This differs from classical cinema, which is indicative of popular culture and attracts a slight educated, rural demographic (Kolker 1980). 3. Who are the movie brats and what do they have to do with auteurism? Movie brats include directorial luminaries such as Michelangelo Antonioni (b. 1912), Federico Fellini (19201993), Jean-Luc Godard (b. 1930) and Ingmar Bergman (b. 1918). Their respective films LAvventura, 8? (1963), About de souffle (Breathless, 1960) and Det sjunde inseglet (The seventh seal, 1957) played a critical affair regarding the impact that auteurism has had film production. It is evident that a new generation of movie brats exercised greater controls in the productive process and production of their films (Grist 2000). The recent works of the movie brats have challenged the romantic and individualistic ideologies portrayed in earlier works that conform to aspects of auteu rism. As pointed out by David Cook (1996), auteurism was exploited along with the cram of college-level film to entice patronage. Further, Timothy Corrigan (1994) also notes that the appearance of the United States (US) studio apartment system made the deployment of auteurism a potential outcome in the marketing of movies within a system other than that using studio signatures. The movie brats also tended to focus on the role of auteurism in enhancing the economies of distribution. Therefore, the article focuses on the place of auteurism and its deal against the organization of film production in the first few years. They have thus deployed auteurism to assert the claim of the professional-managerial class against, not only the studios but also the film unions.

Pharmacology in nursing-Psychiatric disorder Assignment

Pharmacology in nursing-Psychiatric ail - Assignment ExampleOn the former(a) hand, FGAs have less efficiency and adverse side-effects characterized by extrapyramidal side-effects. In spite of their efficiency, SGAs also have their own side-effects such as weight gain and the ability to profit vulnerability to diabetes. As such, interposition of depression and psychosis requires careful consideration of various factors, such as age, pre-existent conditions, and polypharmacy among many other factors before qualification a choice of the discussion drug. In addition to making a choice on the antipsychotics applicable, medical practitioners also have to consider the possibility of incorporating non-pharmacologic approaches such as psychotherapy for youth with difficult-to-treat depression. Additionally, issues of patients using herbal medications, such as St. Johns Wort, have to be advised appropriately to avert potential harm and side-effects from polypharmacy. This paper criticall y reviews the use of antipsychotics in the treatment of psychosis and depression. It also briefly highlights the use of psychotherapy and alternative medicine-St. Johns Wort. ... that vary in severity, and these may include schizophrenia, bi-polar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, drug-induced psychosis and psychotic depression. Psychosis affects approximately 3% of the United States (U.S) population, with 1% of the cases existence schizophrenic (Lehne, 2012). On the other hand, depression is a mood disorder condition characterized by feelings of sadness, anger, loss, frustration and aversion of activity. These are parkland feelings, but actual clinical depression is a situation in which these feelings occur often and answer interference on day-to-day activities. The condition may also elicit other behaviors such as overeating, which could finally lead to obesity. Epidemiologic statistics show that depression is prevalent in the most developed nations, with U.S. being the leadi ng nation. Lifetime prevalence differs greatly from 3% in Japan to as high as 17% in the U.S. Populations in most nations experience depression at a rate ranging amongst 8% and 12% (Lehne, 2012). The treatment of psychosis and depression has for a very long time relied on antipsychotics as the first line of treatment. In addition to the pharmacological approach, family and cognitive behavioral therapies have also been recommended for long-term treatment. The use of antipsychotics has in the past presented mixed reactions among users and still continues to present a dilemma in the treatment of psychosis and depression. Notably, the challenge appeared in 2004 and 2005 when the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) recommended a black box warning on antidepressants used to treat depressed and psychotic adolescents (Ho, 2012). A black box warning is any alerting that appears on the insert of any prescription and warns against adverse effects of using a certain drug. In the

The teacher and the failures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The teacher and the failures - canvass ExampleThe protagonist of the poem as the name indicates is the teacher of Physics demonstrating his science and theories to the students seemingly sit in front of him. His demonstrations all go wrong. And the poem caricatures him as a comic figure. But unintelligible from inside the subtext of the poem, emerges the caricature of a failed person, who is a tragic failure in life. Finally he goes into oblivion, stepping into the nullify basket with staggering steps a painful exit The poem echoes a lesson that failures are our authentic teachers. One has to learn from ones failures. The poem is full of descriptions of physical science experiments, hence make comprehensible more with the knowledge of theories in physical science. His first demonstration was on the theory on the falling of objects. He tried to convince us (1), to convince us of the theory that the velocity with which a body falls is proportional to time and independent of both w eight and density. He demonstrated it with a table tennis ball and a billiards ball but his billiard ball / fell faster than his ping-pong ball and thumped /to the floor first, in spite of Galileo (1, 2, 3) Thus proving the laws of the bodies in motion, wrong It was Galileo who found out that bodies do not fall with velocities proportional to their weight, though he didnt arrive at the correct conclusion. table tennis balls and billiards balls are usually used for experiments in particle Physics.

Water Pollution Essay Example for Free

Water Pollution EssayClean peeing is extremely essential for a healthy living. It is lifes most important basic necessity while dirty peeing system is wholeness of the deadliest killers. UN has estimated that 10 lot die e really minute from contaminated peeing. The World Health Organization estimates that 80% of wholly sickness and disease in developing countries is due to unsafe water. As water contaminant is one of the most widespread problems and it has deadly effects, I chose this handic. Water befoulment is the contamination of water bodies (e. g. lakes, rivers, oceans and run agroundwater). Water pollution occurs when pollutants ar discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove detrimental compounds. The project includes the Global perspective, National perspective, possible scenarios and my personal views about this issue.GLOBAL PERSPECTIVEWater pollution today happens all oer the reality. M any major cities and countr ies form a part of it. The top quin polluting countries are China, USA, Russia, India and Japan. The water and sanitization crisis claims more lives through disease than any war claims through guns. nearly 6,000 children die e precise day from disease associated with lack of access to safe drinking water, inadequate sanitation and poor hygiene equivalent to 20 aircrafts crashing every day.According to UN statistics every day 2 meg tons of human wastes are disposed of in water bodies. In developing countries, 70% of industrial wastes are dumped un enured into waters where they pollute the usable water supply.The sources of water pollution throughout the military man are, Fertilizers Synthetic fertilizers trick easily leech into lakes or rivers with the stand by of rainwater or excessive tearing leading to water pollution. Fertilizers being drained into the rivers or lakes cause enrichment in nutrients and give rise to harvest-festival of algae. Projected cast ups in ferti lizer use for food production and inn waste water effluents oer the next 30 years suggest there volition be 15% global affix in nitrogen flow into rivers. Chemical industries They release harmful chemicals into river and water bodies. Today these wastes need to be treated before releasing but not much attention is paid to this and so, waste is released into water without treating. Sewage contains a high amount of pathogens and when it reacts with water causing oxygen to be removed. So remotion of oxygen from water life becomes impossible in water. Oil Spills Africa has highest amount of begrime water, South Africa to be specific is most polluted country. The government has taken control over the pollution by put measures and treating wastes before disposals. Africa being a developing continent, cannot afford the cost of treating all the waste and in slightly industries they dispose the waste directly in water bodies. People there dont direction on harvesting the rainwater like in China or India.In Europe, the most polluted coasts are of Lithuania and Estonia, 70% of all surface water is polluted due to industrial activities. Poland has high straddle of water pollution which causes shortage of water for industrial use. Baltic Sea is considered to be most polluted in the domain.In Asia most polluted waters are to be found in China. 70% of Chinas water is heavily polluted. This is due to untreated sewages and industrial influence. About two billion people suffer from serious disease ca apply by unsafe water.It is well known fact that US tap water is safest in the world, generally safe from microbes and chemicals. However, this is true for some states only, while some states are still getting contaminated water. Many Americans still drink tap water without in time well-educated it. Congress in America passed The Water Act in 1974 that could set national checks on received contaminants in tap water. In 2009 the EPA warned that threats to drinking water take up increased.Australia has a low rate of water pollution which is declining in near future. Many water projects are going in Australia and people are enthusiastically helping to crystallise the problem of unsafe drinking water. Main source of pollution at Sydneys beach is affluent discharge from north head, Bodi and Malabar waste water treatment plants. Natural weensy creeks and drainage lines have been replaced with networks of canals and pipes. Waste water treatment plants collect waste water and remove solids and past treat waste water before realizing it into the environment.Starting the treatment of water today can help us save large numbers of lives. Thus, it forms a major crisis in the world. Time has come to solve it.NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE-I am an Indian, to be more specific from the state of Gujarat and a city named Rajkot. Im very privileged to live in a country which is water adequate. It is adequate which marrow it is enough for need, but unfortunately not enoug h for greed. Its a fact the water will be the worlds most serious issue in the coming years. Someone rightly give tongue to that the third world war will be over water, considering India Fights have already started on gnomish scale over water. At present the following states of India are involved in legal battles over the following rivers. For example the states Kerala, Tamil nadu, Pondicherry and Karnataka are bouting over the river Kaveri and Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka are fighting over river Krishna.India is amongst the top water polluters in the world. Since some(prenominal) decades, industrial wastes like chemicals, oils and other poisonous things are discharged into the rivers in large quantities. In India, rivers have a great religious importance and they are considered holy. People pilgrimage miles to bathe in these rivers. Due to these pollutions, the water which was considered Amrita (Immortal Drink) has now certainly become poison. Till some extremity cleanse in the river does cause water pollution but there are other several religious rituals like Visarjan and flowing of Asthiya. Not just the religious customs but even the sewage is drained into these rivers. People even wash their clothes in the river. It has been found that expired medicines and used injections are thrown into the rivers. Out of the 1400 km of the river Yamuna, 600 km from Panipat to Etawa has been officially declared to be dead (this center this stretch of the river has 0% dissolved oxygen meaning that neither can water support any type of life nor is it suitable for any kind of use).Experts have found out through surveys that the train of coliform (harmful bacteria) in water to be a dangerous 50 in 100ml in drinking water. For clean water, it is an approximate of 500 per 100ml. More than 500 means that the water is not even fit for bathing and it has been found that Delhis level of coliform is between 9,000,000 and 10,000,000. This is the condition of t he capital city it can be assumed that in other parts of the country the conditions are worse. Even though the Indian government has introduced numerous acts outlawing water pollution it is unable to enforce it strongly and people are still dumping wastes into water. industrial wastes are in any case dumped into the ground by injecting them deep inside, this pollutes the underground freshwater.In India water pollution in itself is a major issue, but it is also impacting on the health of the people. The industrially polluted water is treated by ordinary techniques, which still are not able to filter out the heavy metals such(prenominal) as lead and cadmium. This water is used in agricultural practices, and the produced crops for example the fruits and vegetables contain these poisonous substances in small quantities which can cause health problems likeLead affects the IQ level of kids.Mercury affects peoples brains. It also affects pregnant women and maybe passed on to their child ren through blood and breast feeding. This may also lead to mutation.I all personally face a lot many problems due to water pollution. As I live in Rajkot, a city which lies within the watershed expansion of Aji riverbasin and it is a network of 19 natural drainage courses, loally known as Voklas. Unfortunately these voklas are being used for sewage disposals resulting in pollution of Aji river in downsream of Aji dam, which collects the water from Aji and Nyari river, therefore both the dams are fully polluted. An depth psychology of different water bodies in downstream of Aji dam indicates the most of water bodies within city limit are contaminated. Pollution of underground water due to electro-plating industries and sari-printing industries is also observed.POSSIBLE SCENARIOS Today, water has become a major world issue. It affects the world, it means it affects each of us human beings. The concentration of water pollution is pass judgment to increase in future, as with the growi ng trend today, water has become a major world issue. It affects the world it means it affects each of us human beings. The concentration of water pollution is expected to increase in future, as there is going to advancement in industries, agriculture and may other add factors of water pollution. The problems are going to multiply in the future. Starting from the effects on the mankind, 75% of the worlds human population will have fresh water shortages, some of a very serious nature.. This will include Western developed countries. (Already in 2008, 1/3rd of humanity was seek daily for fresh water for drinking, cooking and washing).Presently the health is already affected badly, if all the water gets polluted the scenario will worsen. Water is a major issue but it can be even more problematic in the future as the quality of the water is deteriorating. Of fresh water that is useable for use, a high degree of pollution of all types is likely (organic, chemical and energetic).If this continues to happen than many problems can occur like diseases spread due to bad quality of water will increase and medical facility will need to be provided. If bad water reaches farms than whole of the produce will be ruined and people will fall sick and economic problems will be faced by the farmers and the vegetable market will have chances of collapsing. Clean water will not be lendable for drinking, the level of pollution will have risen so much that it would be very high-priced to get and only a few people will be able to afford it. again due to this the people falling ill will increase.And filtering water may become expensive as the water would be more polluted than before and so coast of processing and filtering of water will increase by a large number. Salination of the coastal regions form rising seas, with salt seeping into ground waters, again it will add to governments costs and so people will have to pay more for drinking water than today.Collapse of artesian suppl ies from overuse and insufficient run ski binding underground, the ground water is therefore depleting. If states today are fighting for water today people aptitude fight for water and small issue about water may start a fight that might be difficult to stop. If not acted now the future of water is going to be very bad. Word count- 1856BIBLIOGRAPHYWEBhttp//www.nationmaster.com/red/graph/env_wat_fre_pol-environment-water-freshwater-pollutionb_printable=1v=1022 http//www.grinningplanet.com/2005/07-26/water-pollution-facts-article.htm USA http//home.deds.nl/jamedia/The_last_drop/Water_Pollution.html- WATER POLLUTION (overall) http//www.grinningplanet.com/2005/07-26/water-pollution-facts-article.htm -science WATER POLLUTION http//www.unwater.org/statistics_pollu.html UNITED NATIONS (statistics) http//www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/diseases/en/- HEALTH AND WATER POLLUTON http//www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/en/-HEALTH AND WATER POLLUTION http//www.satyamevjayate.in/iss ue12/indiasays/- NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE (INDIA) http//articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/water-pollution- INDIA water issues http//www.livestrong.com/article/268337-future-effects-of-pollution/ixzzz24e64z8mw- future(a) scenario

How Roosevelt and His New Deal Prolonged the Great Depression Essay Example for Free

How Roosevelt and His vernal mess hall Prolonged the Great Depression EssayFranklin Delano Roosevelt was the 32nd president of the United States of the States. His tenure ran from 1933 to 1945. Franklin Roosevelt was born in 1882 at Hyde Park, New York City. He attended the prestigious Harvard University before proceeding to Columbia Law School. chair Franklin got married to Eleanor Roosevelt in 1905. Franklin Roosevelt entered into habitual service by dint of politics as a member of the democrat Party. In 1910, Franklin Roosevelt won the senate seat and become the senator of New York. A few years after the elections, Franklin was appoint assistant secretary of the navy by death chair Woodrow Wilson. In 1920, he was nominated by the democrats for to be there vice president. In 1932, Franklin Roosevelt was elected president of the United States of America.Heale states that the Americans were not happy with the failures of professorship Hoover. President Hoover failed to intervene and help save the American economy from the humbled gear. The American citizens were thus ready for qualifying (2007). Since they view Franklin Roosevelt as the most(prenominal) suitable candidate with the qualities that they desired, they voted him into presidency. His incredible and marvelous works as a governor made him the best choice for Democrats presidential candidate. By March 1933, America was hit by the worst economic stamp. More than thirteen million were rendered jobless and nearly all businesses and commercial banks closed(a) their operations. On observing this, President Franklin Roosevelt develop the 100 Days Program which was intended to bring mainstay the once glorious American economy back to normal.His proposal, The New Deal, which was also enacted by the US social intercourse as well, was meant to revive the major economic sectors of United States, especially the manufacturing, business and agricultural industries. The great emboss workforcet hit America immediately after the crash of the Wall Street in October 1929. As a governor of New York, Franklin made strenuous efforts to help those who were unemployed. accord to Leuchtenburg, President Franklin believed that the great depression resulted from low production in the agricultural and industrial sectors, unequal distribution of wealth, malpractices in the financial sector as well as inter estateal economic situations (2004). The New Deal proposal was to bring relief to unemploy workforcet. It was intentional to help those who risked losing their homes and farm plantations.The New Deal was to bring new reforms, for example, through establish manpowert of the Tennessee Valley Authority. By mid 1935, US had achieved considerable amount of economic recovery from the depression. Hoverer, more and more businessmen and bankers were move against Franklins New Deal program. According to Norton and others, the bankers and businessmen fe ard President Franklins political and economic experiments (Norton et al., 2011). In the reforms programs, President Franklin proposed that the Federal Government was to provide adequate social security to its citizens. The wealthy people were to be taxed heavily. Banks and other exoteric utilities were to be put under new controls by the federal government. He push proposed enormous work reliefs for the unemployed.After his re-election in 1936, President Franklin formulated constitution laws that enabled the federal government to de jure regulate the economy. In his New Deal proposal, Franklin Roosevelt sought through neutrality legislations that would keep United States of America out of war with Europe. However, when the Pearl Harbor was attacked by Japanese in 1941, President Franklin redirected all the resources of the nation towards global war with Japan, during the Second World War. During his presidency, America was hit by the worst economic depression ever seen in its history. According to Leuchtenburg, Fra nklin helped Americans regain hope and faith in themselves during the great depression (20004). rendering of the New DealAccording to Heale, the New Deal was an inclusive sequence programs that were designed and enacted by US Congress and signed by President Franklin Roosevelt to combat the great depression through ensuring appropriate strategies for alter the social and economic status of the American people (2007). Through the New Deal, American farmers were given the rude Adjustment Act which endowed farmers with funds for agricultural activities. The National Industrial Recovery Act (NRA) was formulated to help in regulation fair competition indoors the manufacturing and trade industries. Furthermore, the New Deal provided Americans with corporal bargaining power. Various state organizations such as the Public Works Administration (PWA), which was mandated to construct public transport infrastructure such as roads and railway lines and the Federal Deposit damages lot (FDI C) which provided re-insurance services to banks were created.Similarly, President Franklin created the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) which was meant to provide navigation services, generate hydroelectric power as well as controlling flood in the Tennessee River Valley. TVA was also responsible for regional growth and ontogeny of the Tennessee River Valley. According to Leuchtenburg, Tennessee River Valley was the poorest region in America during that time and thus President Franklins enterprise to induce regional development in the area was incredible and of great importance to Tennessee people (2004). In order to curb higher(prenominal) rates of un role, President Franklin instigated a special work program through the New Deal proposal in which jobless citizens were to perform various tasks to help in saving and protection of the environment. The program, which was dubbed Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), enabled its members to plant trees, help in draining swamps that wou ld otherwise be bearing sites for malaria causing mosquitoes, restocking of rivers with fish to increase fish production and other projects that were directed towards environmental conservation.According to Heale, President Franklins New Deal brought more benefits to the American people through development projects and programs that were adapt towards creating job opportunities (2007). This greatly helped in alleviating poverty and eradicating the sufferings of the American people after US was hit by the great depression. Leuchtenburg asserts that the New Deal consisted of two phases. The first phase consisted of reform programs that were tailored towards recovery from do of the great depression by supporting business and agricultural activities (2004). These programs were to help in regulation prices, reduction inflation rates and creation of job opportunities through increased public works.On the other hand, the mho phase was to provide legislations for regulating social and e conomic growth and development. Through such legislations, huge numbers pool were targeted to benefit from the undertaking of president Franklin initiatives. According to historian Thomas A. Bailey, the New Deal focused on the three Rs of economic growth and development, namely Relief, Reform and Recovery. He further excuse that this three items of the New Deal entailed providing relief to the poor and unemployed citizens of US, recovering the economy for the impacts of the great depression and lastly, reforming the financial sector of the to prevent further economic depression (Norton et al., 2011).Criticism of the New DealAlthough the New Deal was warmly received by many Americans, including labor unions, minority groups as well as human rights organizations, it received a variety of harsh criticisms. The major opponents of the New Deal were politicians form the republican Party. Republicans opposed the New Deal claiming that President Franklin was misusing public funds. They acc used the president for unnecessarily increasing public spending. They also claimed that the president was abusing the office of the president by centralizing the power of the executive government within a few people. Bankers, businesspersons and wealthy Americans also accused President Franklin for imposing high taxes on them.They believed that the high taxes were punitive in nature and unnecessary. Rosenbaum and Bartelme suggest that even though President Franklin faced strong showdown against his New Deal, he resolved to revive the American citizens trust in him by broadening his plans (2009). For instance, he proposed a legislation that would put off employers from interfering with labor unions. In addition, he introduced the federal pensions as well as unemployment insurances schemes in order to assist those who not employed.ConclusionEven though President Franklin Roosevelts New Deal received great opposition, it founded strong economic and social policies for the American peo ple. Its legislations are still intact and used in the present America. Through the Federal Reserve System, many banks are today stable and hoard less currency. The New Deal imposed new rules and regulations that help overfly out corrupt dealings in the American banking systems. Today, individual deposits are safe and secure callable to the rules that were imposed by President Franklin in his New Deal programs. This has been achieved through the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). Additionally, through the New Deal, President Franklin Roosevelt was able to bring about equality between men and women at the workplace. Initially, women were sidelined in the workplace.However, through a New Deal program dubbed Works Progress Administration, women and men were given equal employment opportunities with the federal government. In my view, this helped in eliminating workplace discrimination against women. Furthermore, it also helped in increasing the total income available for h ousehold consumptions, thereby improving the living standards for American families. Previously, it was only men who used to go to work and provide food for their families. However, when the great depression hit the American economy, most people lost their jobs and thus men were not able to adequately provide for their families. Through employment of women, the total income for households was incredibly increased. I would conclude that the New Deal was a great idea for the American people. Through government intervention, President Franklin was able to bring joy to the American citizens.

IT Enters a New Learning Environment Essay Example for Free

IT Enters a New breeding Environment EssayIt is most helpful to see useful models of school cultivation that is ideal to achieving instructional goals through preferred application of educational technology. These are the models of substantive Learning, breakthrough teaching, reproductive Learning and Constructivism.Meaningful LearningIf the traditional nurture environment gives stress focus to rote study and simple memorization, meaningful learning gives focus to fresh visualise departs from that is related to what the learners already sees. New get it on departs from the learning of a sequence of words but attention to meaning. It assumes that Students already have some familiarity that is relevant to new learning. Students are wiling to perform class work to find connections between what they already know and what they can learn. In the learning process, the learner is encouraged to recognize relevant personal live ons. A take structure is pock so that the l earner will have both interest and confidence, and this incentive ashes sets a positive environment to learning. Facts that are subsequently assimilated are subjected to the learners discernment and application. In the classroom, hands-on activities are introduced so as to simulate learning in everyday living.Discovery LearningDiscovery learning is differentiated from reception learning in which ideas are presented pointly to student in a well- nonionised way, such as through a particular set of instructions to complete an examine task. To make a contrast, in discovery learning student from tasks to uncover what is to be learned. New ideas and new decision are generated in the learning process, regardless of the need to move on and depart from organized setoff activities previously set.In discovery learning, it is important that the student become personally engaged and not subjected by the teacher to procedures he/she is not allowed to depart from. In applying technology, the computer can present a tutorial process by which the learner is presented key concept and the rules of learning in a direct personal manner for receptive learning. But the computer has other uses rather than de die hardring tutorials. In a computer pretense process, for example, the learner himself is made to identify key concept by interacting with a responsive virtual environment. fat LearningIn generative learning, we have active learners who attend to learning events and generate meaning from this experience and draw inferences in that locationby creating a personal model or explanation to the new experience in the context of existing knowledge. Generative learning is viewed as different from the simple process of storing information. Motivation and accountability are seen to be crucial to this domain of learning. The area of language comprehension offers examples of this type of generative learning activities, such as in writing paragraph summaries, developing answers and questions, drawing pictures, creating paragraph titles, organizing ideas/concepts, and others. In sum, generative learning gives emphasis to what can be done with pieces of information, not only on access to them.ConstructivismIn constructivism, the learner embodiments a personal understanding through appropriate learning activities and a good learning environment. The most accepted principles constructivisms are Learning consists in what a person can actively assemble for himself and not what he can receive passively. the role of learning is to help the individual live/adapt to his personal world. These two principles in turn lead to three practical implications the learner is promptly responsible for learning. He creates personal understanding and transforms information into knowledge. The teacher plays an indirect role by mildew effective learning, assisting, facilitating and encouraging learners. the context of meaningful learning consists in the learner connecting his sc hool activity with sincere life. the purpose of education is the acquisition of practical and personal knowledge, not abstract or universal truths. To review, there are common themes to these four learning domains.They are given below Learners are active, purpose-made learners. set personal goals and strategies to achieve these goals. make their learning experience meaningful and relevant to their lives. seek to build an understanding of their personal worlds so they can work/live productively. build on what they already know in order to interpret and respond to new experiences.LB6 IT Enters a New Learning Environment. in force(p) teachers best interact with students in innovative learning activities, while integrating technology to the teaching-learning process.In Meaningful learning* Students already have some knowledge that is relevant to new learning * Students are uncoerced to perform class work to find connections between what they already know and what they can learn. In Discovery learningIdeas are presented directly to students in a well-organized way, such as through a detailed set of instructions to complete an experiment or task. In applying technology, the computer can preset a tutorial process by which the learner is presented key concepts and the rules of learning in a direct manner for receptive learning.In Generative LearningActive learners who attend to learning events and generate meaning from this experience and draw inferences thereby creating a personal model or explanation to the new experience in the context of existing knowledge.Motivation and responsibility are seen to be crucial to this domain of learning.In ConstructivismThe learner builders a personal understanding through appropriate learning activities and a good learning environment. Learners are active, purposeful learners. Set personal goals and strategies to achieve these goals. Make their learning experience meaningful and relevant to their lives. Seek to build an unde rstanding of their personal worlds so they can work/live productively. Build on what they already know in order to interpret and respond to new experiences.

Reading Reflection Essay Example for Free

Reading Reflection EssayAt first, I call back literacy has two meanings. The first meaning is culture or civilization and the second meaning is the ability to preserve and read. Both meaning are very similar, they are related to cultural knowledge. But in nowadayss society, literacy non only means culture. The concept of teaching literacy is the great unwashed can effectively hold and recognize the information. Besides, people can redefining and evaluate themselves in todays information society. By reading Nunbergs Teaching Students to Swim in the Online Sea, I think the concept of literacy is the discerning ability of people. Nowadays, such(prenominal) knowledge is deriving from Internet. These are second hand materials, not the primary sources. Some resources are not true. The way every people think of the Web is very different. It tests their discerning abilities.Like most people judge the credibility of a website by its outward. The information literacy means to be a ble to effectively identify, evaluate, and practise the information. Also, the information literacy is expanding to include the map, media, and some electronic text. The information literacy has a deeper meaning. Students are highly familiar nearly website and search engine. They are effectively integrating the concept of information literacy into their learning programs. For me, I think the information literacy is good for college students. Because it can help them recognize when the information is needed, they have the ability to use the information. Literacy information is progressively important in college life. Students faced with diverse, rich information every day. It was a big challenge for them.

Two ways to belong to america bharati Essay Example for Free

Two slipway to run to america bharati EssayIn the figment two ways to belong to America the author and fabricator Bharati addressed an issue of images of immigrants in America, and what it truly means to belong to a country. In Bharati short story two ways to belong to America she talks and her and her sister experience as first period immigrants migrating from India to America. At their arrival to America they were similar in a lot of ways, appearance and attitudes-views and sentiments.They were some(prenominal) pursuance degrees-Mira in child psychology and pre-school education, bharati went on to peruse a degree in creative writing. posterior they obtained their degrees they were to return to India and marry, a man of their fathers choosing. The second part of this plan the two sisters aborted Mira, after successfully gaining her degree in child psychology and preschool education and Preferring to be set in her ways married a young Indian man pursuing his business a dministration degree at Waynes university.Bharati while obtaining her degree in creative writing married a fellow American student of Canadian heritage. Both of them then would be successfully married for thirty plus days and still maintain contact with each other however, the narrator Bharati sees that as the only similarity that they receive as immigrants coming from India to America. Bharati cosmos the more outgoing and open-minded sister of the two, choose to welcome as much change as a new continent could offer, obtaining her green bankers bill then later her citizenship.She welcomed the difficulties of marrying a man from a different culture, wanting all the challenges that were accustomed to adapting to the American culture. She moved some in to different states, and even went to live in husband familys homeland-Canada. She wanted to set root in the country she lived in, vote and make a difference in all way that she could. She scarce wanted to feel worry she belonged . Mira on the other hand, being more of an introvert and a nationalist of her county/culture felt it necessary to never involved in American culture and felt ecstasy with her labor certification.She stuck to her roots and her ancestral culture, but contributed significant amount of her expertise in child psychology and preschool education to American educational system and nationally has been recognized for her efforts. The Two sisters could not be any more different in their experiences of America. In this time, new laws were being established about the issues of possessing a American citizenship/green card verses just simply obtaining a right to word certification.This cause Mira to become displease at the way she felt America was treating its hardworking immigrants, however Bharati always being able to looking for at both sides of an issue objectively, did not see it that way. she tried to urge her sister to get a green card so that she would still be eligible for benefits tha t came with being an American citizen/green card holder , she replied she would, just until she was ready to go back to her country shed change her citizenship back to being a citizen of India.Bharati then saw her sister in a different light, they certainly was not the same. Where she was lusty about being in a new country her sister preferred to be like an exile, living in a country but not of the country. In conclusion, I agree with both Mira and Bharati I believe that when atomic number 53 has willingly come to a country, one must adapt, however one must always maintain an identity that signifies their background and ancestrynever fully giving in to both but finding a balance that suits you.

Family life Essay Example for Free

Family life EssayFamily life is full moon of challenges, but when we make wise choices, it is also rewarding. Family Life includes dozens of practical units on human culture (childhood, teen years, adulthood, and aging), and living in a family (couple relationships, p atomic number 18nting, strengths, connections). All of these materials are intended to serve well you make choices that forget make your family life more(prenominal) effective and satisfying. Family Life. A family is a household of people colligate by blood or marriage. More specifically, we can define a family as husband and wife (or atomic number 53 parent), with or without never-married children, living together in the same dwelling. A household may contain more than two generations of people.The family is the foundational institution of society ordained by God. It is constituted by marriage and is composed of persons related to one another by marriage, blood or adoption. A safe birthn in which family me mbers applaud and honor one another. A place where dustup and actions communicate value and respect to everyone, young and old.A reliable sanctuary where each person receives grace unconditional acceptance and extravagant generosity with no strings attached. A place where a person finds others available, attentive, and emotionally connected to them.A community of celebration, laughter, and play. A safe haven where family members can let their hair d take, reveal themselves fully, and know one another intimately.Family roles are the recurrent patterns of behavior by which individuals fulfill family functions and needs. Individual members of families occupy certain roles such as child, sibling, grandchild. along with roles come certain social and family expectations for how those roles should be fulfilled. For example, parents are expected to teach, discipline, and provide for their children. And children are expected to cooperate and respect their parents. As family members age, t hey take on additional roles, such as becoming a spouse, parent, or grandparent. A persons role is always expanding or changing, depending upon his or her age and family stage.Individuals within a family have both instrumental and affective roles to fulfill. Each serves an important function in maintaining healthy family functioning. instrumental roles are concerned with the provision of physical resources (e.g., food, clothing, and shelter), decision-making and family management. Affective roles exist to provide emotional support and hike to family members. Both sets of roles must be present for healthy family functioning. In addition, families must also consider issues of roles allotment and accountablility.Communication is the way you let other people know about your ideas and feelings. It is much more than the words you say. It is what you say, how you say it, why you say it, when you say it, and what you dont say. It is your facial expression, your gestures, your posture, an d your vocal tones. Good dialogue isnt something that just happens between members of strong families they make it happen. Good family communication involves being both an vigorous listener and a thoughtful speaker. In this way children can see how to communicate well and how to have more control of their lives.A good man leaveth an inheritance to his childrens children and the wealth of the sinner is laid up for the just. Proverbs 1322 The parole speaks often about leaving an inheritance for our children not necessarily as a command, just as prudent advice. Applying this principle to material things, it is easy to see how helpful it would be to have the parent generation jump-starting their childrens generation with sound financial teaching and the means for them to start their own families with tangible goods rather than debt. This second generation will then, in turn, be able to help the deuce-ace generation so much more, and so on. I am not talking about amassing and hordi ng money. Rather, I was thinking along the lines of how in the old days, families would pass part of their land on to each of their children, and help them build a house/farm on it, or how the family business would be passed down from gravel to son for generation after generation.The lines are fallen unto me in pleasant places yea, I have a goodly heritage. Psalm 166 Regardless of your financial standing, this same principle can be applied to the spiritual realm, which is also infinitely more important than the physical/material. The testimonies have I interpreted as an heritage for ever for they are the rejoicing of my heart. Psalm 119111 When we think about the importance of sacking on to our children a heritage of godliness, living a life that strives to be in line with Bible principles becomes a much more urgent responsibility.

Psychology Homework Essay Example for Free

Psychology Homework EssayThe argument I have chosen to use is unmatched that was in the midst of my friends and I. It was the early hours of the morning and we were at a Jacuzzi party. We were discussing the topic of wages and how much those of us who worked were earning. We consequently started talking ab bring out football players and how they earn millions of pounds for doing a very unnecessary and over paid contemplate comp atomic number 18d to people who offer a service for the country such as those in the NHS or the arm forces who spend all day risking their lives or saving other peoples. The two main masterminds of the argument were 1. Yes, Footballers are over paid but that is the way it is and thats how it fits into the national claywork This point was shared by everyone in the argument, except one person 2. Footballers are paid to much and it should be changed now This point was shared by one person The people who believed in point 1, myself included showed how their point was valid.They showed that regular(a) thought it is not morally right for footballers to earn that much money compared to the amount of work they do or in comparison to people in public services but that is the way it is and with out them Public services would not be able to run as easily. We showed this by explaining the national frame work. The money that is earnt by the footballers is taxed greatly, some as much as 40%, This money is then distributed between education, social security, the NHS and many other things.The other person was still on a one introduce mind that it was just wrong and should be changed. So we explained it again and after much persuasion he started to see things our way. He then started to change the argument and incorporated big companies such as McDonalds and Nike. His point was that they employ people in under developed countries to work for them because its cheap fatigue and it allows them to make a massive profit margin.The whole group agree that this was wrong but universe the well balanced young adults we are, we looked at both sides. Some of our outcomes were that even though to us it seems comparable an unacceptable wage, the people employed are at least employed. We went far beyond people in Asia and right to where we lived. To other people, 16 and 17 year olds being paid just over negligible wage to work long hours and do jobs other people would say no to, is fine by them. In fact, after this argument a lot of people involved realised it was about themselves. How dry?

Maggie and Dee & sisters Essay Example for Free

Maggie and Dee sisters EssayEveryday Use is most these two colliding characters Maggie and Dee are sisters. In the story, Maggie seems to be the government agencyless and passive character. She had scars from being burnt and this experience brought her to tell inward. She valued the things that are less superficial and more meaningful. She has stayed with her develop and there she learned making quilts. Dee is more the outgoing type. She cares a lot about her style. Shes into physical appearance and boys are one of her interest. thesis Statement The central conflict this part of the story is the triumph over legacy who will be recognized as the successor?This very powerful story revolves around the quilt. As Dee tries to win the quilt, she besides seeks her long-lost heritage after a long time of absence. (Walker 278). (66) Maggie cant appreciate these quilts Shed in all handlelihood be backward enough to put them to everyday use. Dee always tries to prove herself in the way of her power to persuade and aggression (Walker 278) (68) But theyre priceless, she was saying now furiously for she had a temper. Maggie would put them on the bed and in five years theyd be in rags. Less than that But Maggie is a strong person with inner strength and she exists that the legacy has been passed on to her (Walker 279). (74) She can have them Mama, she said like somebody used to never winning anything reserved for her. I can member Grandma Dee without the quilts. Maggie said. The render knew that her daughter Maggie has been the one who deserves the heritage. Although Maggie seems weak and she will talk in peace (Walker 279). (75) She stood there with her scared pass on hidden in the folds of her skirt. She looked at her sister with something like fear. But she wasnt mad at her.This was Maggies portion. This was the way she knew God to work. Towards the end of the story, Dee knows that her mother fought for Maggie and has won the battle. She denies her self from humility that she lost (Walker 279). (81) You ought to try to make something of yourself, too, Maggie. Its really a new day for us. But from the way you and Mama still live, youll never know it. Dee will always hide the loss. She will not be someone who will stand up for defeat and that is in a way being a coward (Walker 279). (82)She put on her glasses and hid everything above the tip of her nose and her chin. Conclusion Everyday Use explores the long years a mothers will to raise her children, see them grow and realize their identity. Maggie spent her every day with her mother and her mother experienced her presence for the longest years. Meanwhile Dee has spent her life away from her family. The one who has learned the guile of quilting which signifies her unconditional love for her family is Maggie and finally her mother realizes that and in all sense she deserves that honor of their heritage. quotation markWalker, Alice. Everyday Use. In Love and Trouble Stories o f Black Women. Harvest Books (1974) 272-279.

Great Expectations, Romeo and Juliet and To Kill a Mocking Bird Essay Example for Free

salient Expectations, Romeo and Juliet and To Kill a Mocking Bird bear witnessGreat Expectations, To Kill a Mocking Bird, and Romeo and Juliet are all very diverse arranges of literature. Each piece of literature is unique to one another, but they all share common characteristics and themes. All of the works include a key character that gains understanding of himself resulting from events in his life that caused confusions or parti pris.Pip, the primary(prenominal) character of Great Expectations, learns a great amount resulting from confusion in his life. His confusion is caused by his fare for Estella, a splendiferous and proper girl of the upper-class. Pip becomes intrigued by Estella the moment Ms. Havisham, Estellas guardian, has him over to visit. Ms. Havisham encourages and strengthens Pips feeling for Estella by always reminding him of Estellas dishful and intelligence. As Pip grows older, his love for Estella neer fades. Pip becomes confused when Estella clea rs him think that he may sacrifice a chance with her when in reality she doesnt love him at all. Estella is incapable of loving because Ms. Havisham taught her to hide her friendship and love and to never open up to a man. Once Pip realizes that he will never marry Estella he learns never to set his mind on one thing and that he mustiness keep an open mind.Jem, the main character of To Kill a Mocking Bird, learns a lot from the prejudice he must experience in his life resulting from a trial his pascal is involved in. Jems dad is defending a black man who was accused of raping a young girl in townsfolk. This is especially hard for Jem because he is growing up in a very racist southern town and time. Even though the majority of the people in the town know the black man is innocent, his illusion causes them to discriminate against him and accuse him as being guilty. The things Jem must experience as a result of the trial, such as getting beat up by a grown man, teach him m all t hings nigh his life. He learns to give every person a chance no matter what their race, gender, or any other classifying features are. Most importantly, Jem learns to never cower down from what he believes in and to never give up.Juliet, the main character of the play Romeo and Juliet, also learns a lot from the confusion in her life. Romeo and Juliet fall in love at first sight. Unfortunately Romeo and Juliet must express their love in secretbecause their families are repellant enemies. Juliet becomes confused a number of times throughout the play because she is put in the position of choosing between her lover and her family. For example, when Romeo kills Juliets cousin, she doesnt know who to side with. Juliet decides to go against her family and quickly forgive Romeo. She figures love is the most important thing. Juliet learns that to be happy you must follow your heart. Even though the play ends in tragedy, the only thing that would make Juliet happy was to be with Romeo, eve n if it was in the afterlife.As one can see Pip, Jem, and Juliet all learned important lessons from their experiences. The confusion in Pip and Juliets lives and the prejudice in Jems cause them all to come to conclusions to the highest degree themselves and their lives. Overall, the lessons each character learned helped them to become a better person who was more aware of himself.

Plato and Gettier on Knowledge Essay Example for Free

Plato and Gettier on Knowledge stressPlato in one of his most famous earliest dialogue Meno tried to provide a mod way of explaining how we humans espouse cognition. The common notion of the ancient Greeks and even to our times on how we acquire cognition is the characteristic of knowledge to be taught and learned. Knowledge in a sense is an outside entity that resides outside ourselves. We learn outside of ourselves through our environ handst or other people that try to teach us. However, the events and give of discussion in Meno had convinced Plato to provide a new framework that will be suitable to discuss how we acquire knowledge. Platos basic discussion says that knowledge acquisition is more in fact a result of recollection rather than learning. We acquire knowledge and humors from the inside of ourselves and not through the lessons outside ours. Plato grow this from the flavour of the priest and diviners and even philosophers to the immortality of the soul. The so ul had existed since time immemorial making it able to know everything it ineluctably to know. Whatever knowledge and ideas had already been embedded on the soul because of immortal existence.However, as the soul beam from one body to another body because of the mortality of the human body, Plato argued that as the body withers and dies, all in all the knowledge be forgotten and put into background. From here, Plato would argue for the knowledge acquisition to be a matter of recollection and remembering of the knowledge and ideas already possessed by the soul. Plato believed that whatever we know is a recollected and remembered idea of the souls former existence.This concept was explained by Socrates to Meno with the help of Menos slave. Socrates called the slave and accepted some questions regarding geometry and the measurement of some shapes. Socrates tried to ask some questions that direct the slave to answer them rightfully. It is important to note the slave is uneducated i n the unmixed sense. However, through Socrates questions, he managed to enable to direct the slave towards right answers. This had help to prove to Meno that the soul already possessed the knowledge and opinions about everything.For Plato, this knowledge can be accessed by examining ourselves and with yourself or someone ask the right questions that will redirect you to the knowledge and ideas inside your soul. Knowledge is specialized in its justification, truth and world a belief. After discussing the nature of knowledge and how we can acquire it, Socrates and Meno moved on to discuss to define opinion and its relevance on the affairs of man. The task is simple, to define opinion (true opinion) and to contrast it to knowledge.Primarily, Socrates acknowledged the aim of a good opinion in the human affairs. He did not disregard it completely yet rather understand its use in some cases. In fact, he acknowledges the inclination of virtuous men to rely on their true opinion to do good things. However, Socrates clearly undermines opinion even they are good when it is contrasted to knowledge. For Plato, an opinion does not last long and easily withers in contrast to knowledge that has the capability to last eternally.The main difference lies on the presence of a rationality and grounds on knowledge and its absence of an n opinion. He used the example of a statue. He stated that the statue with that is trussed in a good foundation will be able to last longer equation to a statue that is not tied. For Socrates, though an opinion can produce the same awe to an observer, it is a immanent t eat upency for humans to ask the question of why and how. These questions cannot be answered by an opinion because of its absence of ground. In this sense, knowledge exceeds an opinion.This definition of knowledge that is characterized by Plato which is defined as a justified true belief had dominated from the ancient Greeks up to the mid-late 20th century. The general belie f that knowledge for it to be referred as knowledge must be able to satisfy three basic characteristics, which is (1) justification (2) truth (3) belief was questioned by Edmund Gettiers report entitled Is Justified True Belief Knowledge? . This short paper that had managed to provide a doubt to the long tradition in epistemology that considers knowledge to be a justified true belief.Edmund Gettier provided to deuce cases or examples will put in to question the long era of this ancient belief. He presented a case in which the three conditions are present namely justification, truth, belief yet unable to be count as knowledge because of the play of other factors. In Gettiers examples which were referred as Gettiers cases, the three criteria were only do possible by some elements of luck and chance which clearly invalidate it to be knowledge.This put an end to a long tradition of considering knowledge by the virtue of three elements of justification, truth and belief. Though the pap er of Gettier did not provide an alternative view or solution to his problem, responses on his paper can be summarized to the attempts of many philosophers to look or find out for the fourth criteria that will make the definition of knowledge. working Cited Plato. Grube G. M. A. (trans) Cooper, John (rev) Five dialogues. 2002. Hacket Publishing Company Inc. IN. Print Gettier. Edmund. Is Justified True Belief Knowledge? Web.

Reflection on Becoming a Teacher

Reflection on Becoming a TeacherI fix always had aspirations to be a Primary instructor. Although I am relatively new to the trade I am However despite the contests that face me I am trying to re principal(prenominal) positivistic and make the beaver out of this situationBefore I started writing I felt the best start way to reflect on my practice was to conduct a SWOTAnalysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities Threats) to crumple my CPD opportunities in a way to focus on my goals and reflect on my practice so far. (See supplement 1) By doing this I was commensurate to highlight what I believe to be important and factors that I would bid to improve on. I will now witness at the political issues affecting education in Scotland, current research and how each curb had an impact on my own hearing. From this I will wherefore review my attitude and set my goals for the future.The Political PositionHarold Wilson the former Labour P.M. once saidA week is a long cartridge c lip in political relation commencement Minister Alex Salmond discovered to his warning device the meaning of this quote in the prototypic week of celestial latitude last year. On Tuesday the 1st December 2009 Fiona Hyslop was redeployed from her position as Education secretary marking the first-class honours full point change in the economical regime Cabinet since the SNP came into power over two years ago. (Swanson 2009) The question is what happened?Alex Salmond made this decision only old age later the frugal government statistics showed a f all(prenominal) in teacher numbers of 1,348 over the by year, despite his plea to increase them. Fiona Hyslop has suffered a lot of criticism as education secretary the master(prenominal) reason being her failure to deliver the SNPs biggest education pledge of lowering primary 1-3 class sizes to 18. The nett straw was Ms Hyslop threatening to centralise education taking power away from local authorities. The immunity parties in a ddition threatened a vote of no confidence in the Education monument if the First Minister did non do something to deal with the situation- a threat that could not be taken lightly. (Macleod 2009)By the 8th of December the SNP Government and the new Education Secretary Mike Russell faced its first challenge an enquiry into the class sizes pledge a major part of the SNP 2007 manifesto was called into question of whether or not the pledge was deliverable in their time in office.As if the current situation wasnt bad bounteous on the 11th Dec 2009 the General didactics council published their report of probati adeptrs get toing employment after their sign year and their findings were not encourage able. The report stated that out of teachers surveyed only one teacher in five (20.2%) gained a full time permanent job after completing probation this summer and a significantly greater number of new teachers more(prenominal) than 1 in 4 have been able to gain employment as a teacher at all. Commenting on this report EIS General Secretary Ronnie Smith said The fact that so many of our newly qualified teachers be unemployed or under-employed on rattling patchy, short- edge, contracts is a tragedy not only for these individual teachers but also for Scottish education and its pupils. (EIS 2009)Current look into and Personal ExperiencesEvery aspect of being a teacher draws on both your master key and personal resources and values(Moyles and Robinson 2002 cited Asprey, Hamilton and Haywood 2002)Watzke (2007) amongst others talks of stage theory in doctrine stating that in that location are distinct changes in a teachers thinking throughout his or her career. flooded (1969) was one of the first to comment on this matter and suggests that in the beginning teachers are not concerned about teaching but their own survival. This stage chousen as self concerns e.g.. Can they survive and pass their conditional year? Later in their career Fuller stated the focus is on actual carrying out as teachers calling this stage t request concerns. This makes whizz as it is only natural once you have confidence in yourself to then focus on improving your learning experiences. The last stage after successful teaching the focus then moves on to having a meaningful and positive influence on their pupils which is known as impact concerns. As teachers learn and grow in the teaching profession they learn what works and what does not and this is something that comes from experience therefore it makes sense to fare a path equivalent Fuller suggested. All teachers are very divergent and each have their own unique learning style. However, one thing what I would hope all teachers would have a shared value is the belief that the children are the most important part of their job and is their job as teachers to get the best out of the children they teach.As humans we all have our own values as individuals and as teachers. Eisner and Vallance (1974) talk of three main dimensions on which varied value positions are held. They suggest that that they are best represented as continua idiosyncratic societyThis is the concept of whether education should be geared to meet individuals needs rather than educational toll being planned to meet the needs of the society.values skillsThis is the concept of whether education should focus on trailing individuals sense of values in a moral ethical context, or on developing their skills. adaptational reconstructiveThis is whether education should prepare children to fit into the present society, or strive to change and in tump over changing society.( Eisner and Vallance 1975 cited in Pollard 2005)By looking at these three dimensions, we can perhaps visualize where our own values fit in. Pollard (2005) like Watzke (2007) talks of how teachers change and adapt as they gain more experience throughout their career. Pollard (2007) uses this example a newly qualified or student teacher may surface their sel f at the individual extreme of the first dimension placing more importance on skills extreme and determine more comfortable with the adaptive extreme of the third dimension. However, as time goes on and more experience is gained opinions may change.Being on supply I am able to see good practice in many diametrical develops in my area. I also have the opportunity to be flexible and work in different establishments Nursery, Primary and the Additional bandaging down feather Needs (ASN) sector. Working on supply you get to know particular directs and soon realise the schools that are nice to work in and the ones you may want to steer clear of. The question is how do we know this? What makes something feel like this? I think what it comes down to is the culture of each individual school.Culture is both a dynamic phenomenon that surrounds us at all times, being constantly enacted and created by our interactions with others (Schein 2004 p1)Every institution whether they realise it o r not has their own unique culture. Being in so many different schools you come across just how different the working environment can be from school to school. The silky part is being able to gauge the culture and act accordingly because what wouldnt be an issue in one school could be in another. The most popular example is the staff room. If it is my first time working in a particular school you have to gauge the environment and try to follow suit for example the tailing arrangements, the biggest mistake you can make is to sit on someone elses seat if this happens you may either depending on the school get asked to move or be given the grievous eye for the rest of the day. Another example especially in a big staffroom is when you sit down and other groups come in after and sit in little groups and you are left in the middle on your own twiddling your thumbs. To be on the safe side I usually conceal until everyone is in the staffroom and then ask is it ok to sit in a particular seat. Sometimes you ask Is it ok to sit here? To which the reply will be Oh yes you dont need to worry, we dont have particular seat in here but then you realise that every break time and lunch all of the staff remain in the same seats. Therefore culture is so in built they dont scour realise its there but from an outsiders point of view it is more apparent.Once youve got your seat the next parapet is talking to people. As soon as you walk in to a staffroom you can right off sense the ambience, it is hard to explain but it is very apparent. As noted above you soon realise what schools you privilege to be in and those you arent as keen on, because in some schools you are only the supply teacher and you can sit and be ignored. On the other hand you walk in to some schools and you immediately feel a good atmosphere and although you still go through the same ritual in the staffroom asking where to sit you dont feel as apprehensive as the staff talk to you and make you feel welcome and generally seem interested in you as a person.Although I dont currently have a base school I do have schools where I work in more often. One such school is the school I worked in during my probationary year. Looking back it is unique how your first impressions of a place can be somewhat different after you have worked in a place for a while. The dynamics of a place can be very different on the outside than they are on the inside. NEED TO ADD MORE HERE On the entire my probationary school is a very good place to work on and portrays an ethos of respect and supportiveness. During my time in the school I had two very good mentors who I could always go to when I needed help which was the case formostof the staff in the school. However, I found out very quickly who I could ask advice from and who not to bother. My class had a lot of problems and was oneContinuing professional culture (CPD) is now an obligatory and accepted part in the contracts of all teachers who teach in Scottis h schools. 35 hours worth of professional development activities is required over the contour of the year. Teachers decide on what goals they would like to achieve over the school year and tailor this well-nigh what courses they will string up. With the advent of the Curriculum for virtuousness (CFE) the Government is proposing CPD opportunities to be more specific and cl archean linked to the priorities of the CFE. The biggest study carried out on CPD in the early stages of teachers career was by Draper et al., 1991, 1997, 1998 The Scottish Study of Probationers 1988-1991 and 1995 -1996. The research followed a group of teachers as they realised their probationary year. The researchers hypothesised the CPD would be at the fore front of the student nurses activities and believed they would regard it as a priority. However, what they did find was probationer teachers stated that they spend more time proving to others that they could do their job rather than trying to further de velop their practice. From a personal experience this is something that I myself can relate to. From the minute you walk into a school as a probationer you (unconsciously in some cases) are being judged for competency. This idea also ties in with Fuller (1969) first stage of self concerns teacher are concerned with their own learning and the thoughts of others around them. Draper et al also found that the teachers who completed their probationary year on a supply base method was more likely to threaten their development as they were not in the same place for any one time. Results showed that the second cohort 1995/96 was more satisfied with their professional development experiences than the first cohort 5 years previous to them. However, those teachers who completed their probationary year through short term contracts reported lower levels of satisfaction and perhaps have an impact on their practice in the future. As one of their participants in the study commentedThe effect of sh ort-term contracts on initially keen and dedicated staff is disastrous. Morale, dedication and professionalism quickly evaporate.(Draper et al., 1997, cited in GTCS 2006)This is not surprising as the chances of those teachers being in a position to partake in many CPD sessions are rather low as what school nowadays would investment firm a place on a course for example for someone who a) isnt a permanent constituent of staff and b) probably wont be in the school long enough for the training to utility the school. Without a doubt this will have an effect on a teachers morale if little or no opportunities to develop present themselves. I myself find myself in a similar position a supply teacher the professional development opportunities are little or none.(Draper et al cited in GTCS Research Jan 2006)It may sound clich but for as long as I can remember I have always wanted to be a Primary teacher. I applied for Primary belief in 6th year at school however I was not successful. Teac hing for me at the time had been my only option and at the time I was devastated but soon realised that I could apply again. I then went on to complete a B/A honours degree in Psychology at the University of Psychology and then went on to the Post Graduate Primary course at the University of Paisley.Looking at my strengths I believe teaching ICT seems to be one of them. ICT is something that I make spot and is something that the children always respond well to. It comes very natural to me given the fact that I have heavy(p) up using computers. This is probably why the children enjoy it as they can see that is something I love doing and this in turn enthuses them. In my probationary school I led an in service on Activ Primary for my colleagues who were either new to the IWB (Interactive whiteboard) or were still puzzled after attending the course on Activ Primary. By doing this I felt good as it felt like I was giving back to the school by supporting colleagues rather than being s upported all the time. Even now as a Supply Teacher I carry my pen drive around with me which has along with many other things ICT activities. Teachers in different schools often ask me where I get my resources most of which are from the internet. A recent example is an interactive advent calendar Power Point which I use with the children in the lead up to Christmas. Although I do feel that ICT is a strength of mine like everything else I am constantly learning new ideas and will continue to learn.Looking at the SWOT digest I have some experience using Active Learning in the upper school I would like to gain experience in using active learning in the early years. As a whole one of my goals is to try to keep abreast of current developments in early years education especially in light of the CFE. I recently was given the opportunity to attend an in-service in Story Grammar one of the schools in which I do supply in. I found this to be very interesting and very beneficial in the early years. By attending this course this prompted me to look more closely into the curriculum where Story Grammar came from Key to Learning Curriculum and I purchased the Curriculum sustain by Galina Doyla. I have tried to use some of the ideas from the book in my work in the Nursery. Obviously just now I only volunteer in the Nursery my first and world-class goal for the future would be to gain a permanent job in early years. name and address LISTAsprey, E., Hamilton. C Haywood.S (2002). PGCE master key Workbook Professional Issues in Primary Practice. Exeter Learning MattersBBC discussion. (2009). Demoted SNP education secretary endorses successor. for sale http// discussion.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/8388141.stm).Last accessed 4th December 2009.EIS. (2009). Collapse of jobs for new teachers is damaging pupils education prospects says EIS. News releaseAvailable http//www.eis.org.uk/public.asp?id=431dbase=3.Last accessed 15th December 2009.GTC SCOTLAND RESEARCH. (1996). Developing Teachers A review of Early Professional Learning.Available http//www.gtcs.org.uk/Research_/publishedresearch_/CPDresearch/research_cpd.aspx.Last accessed 20/12/09.Macleod, A. (2009). Fiona Hyslop stripped of education role in SNP Cabinet. Available http//www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/scotland/article6939026.ece.Last accessed 10th December 2009.Pigge, F.L. and Marso, R.N. (1997) A seven year longitudinal multi-factor assessment of teaching concerns development preparation and early years of teaching, Teaching and Teacher Education13(2) 225-235.Pollard, A, Collins, J, Maddock, M, Simco, N, Swaffield, S, Warin, J Warwick P (2005) Reflective Teaching (2nd edition) London ContinuumSchein (2004). Organizational culture and leadership. (3rd edition)San Francisco Jossey Bass.SNP. (2007). SNP 2007 Manifesto. Availablehttp//www.snp.org/node/13534.Last accessed 11th December 2009.Swanson. I. (2009). Fiona Hyslop sacked.Available http//edinburghnews.scotsman.com/politics/Fiona-Hyslop-sack ed-as-Education.5871555.jp.Last accessed 4th December 2009.Watzke, J.L. (2007). Longitudinal research on beginning teacher development complexness as a challenge to concerns-based stage theory. Teaching and Teacher Education. 23 (1), 106-122.